Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs

Q1. Which is present only in plant cells?

• A.cell wall
• B.nucleus
• C.mitochondria
• D.cell membrane

Answer: A. cell wall

What this question tests: Cell wall is unique to plant cells. Picking the matching option: Correct. Wrong options at a glance: option B) 'nucleus' fails since Both have it; option C) 'mitochondria' is incorrect: Both have it; option D) 'cell membrane' is incorrect: Both have it. Hence the correct option is A) cell wall.

Q2. Which organelle has the function: 'release of energy (ATP) by respiration'?

• A.mitochondria
• B.chloroplast
• C.nucleus
• D.Golgi apparatus

Answer: A. mitochondria

NCERT idea this hinges on: The work-energy theorem gives W = F * s * cos(theta) for a constant force; when the force and displacement align, W = F * s => substituting the data yields the quoted result; hence the answer is mitochondria. Applying this to the choices: Correct. Where the distractors go off: option B) 'chloroplast' is incorrect: chloroplast: photosynthesis (traps light energy); option C) 'nucleus' is incorrect: nucleus: controls cell activities; stores DNA; option D) 'Golgi apparatus' doesn't hold - Golgi apparatus: packaging and dispatch of materials. So the correct option is A) mitochondria.

Q3. Which organelle has the function: 'synthesis of proteins'?

• A.ribosome
• B.nucleus
• C.Golgi apparatus
• D.lysosome

Answer: A. ribosome

The core fact here is - Identify the defining feature of the structure/tissue named in the question; match that feature against the four options => only one option is consistent with the textbook description; therefore the correct identification = ribosome. That fits the listed correct option directly - Correct. Quickly on the wrong ones: option B) 'nucleus' fails since nucleus: controls cell activities; stores DNA; option C) 'Golgi apparatus' fails since Golgi apparatus: packaging and dispatch of materials. Hence the answer is A) ribosome.