Diffusion, Osmosis and Transport MCQs

Q1. Which term means: 'net movement of particles from high to low concentration'?

• A.Diffusion
• B.Active transport
• C.Plasmolysis
• D.Turgidity

Answer: A. Diffusion

Asked for the unknown; data is laid out in the stem. By mass percent = (mass of solute / mass of solution) * 100. mass percent = (mass of solute / mass of solution) * 100. substituting the given masses. Therefore option A) Diffusion. Others fail: option B) 'Active transport' is incorrect: Active transport: energy-requiring movement against the gradient; option C) 'Plasmolysis' doesn't hold - Plasmolysis: shrinking of protoplast away from the wall in a hypertonic solution.

Q2. Which term means: 'movement of water across a semipermeable membrane'?

• A.Osmosis
• B.Plasmolysis
• C.Turgidity
• D.Endocytosis

Answer: A. Osmosis

To see why, recall that Identify the defining feature of the structure/tissue named in the question; match that feature against the four options => only one option is consistent with the textbook description; therefore the correct identification = Osmosis. That fits the listed correct option directly - Correct. Looking at the others: option B) 'Plasmolysis' is incorrect: Plasmolysis: shrinking of protoplast away from the wall in a hypertonic solution; option C) 'Turgidity' misses the point - Turgidity: firm, swollen state of a cell full of water. Hence the answer is A) Osmosis.

Q3. Which term means: 'energy-requiring movement against the gradient'?

• A.Active transport
• B.Turgidity
• C.Endocytosis
• D.Endosmosis

Answer: A. Active transport

Concept involved: The work-energy theorem gives W = F * s * cos(theta) for a constant force; when the force and displacement align, W = F * s => substituting the data yields the quoted result; hence the answer is Active transport. Connecting concept to answer: Correct. Wrong options at a glance: option B) 'Turgidity' fails since Turgidity: firm, swollen state of a cell full of water; option C) 'Endocytosis' fails since Endocytosis: taking material into the cell by engulfing; option D) 'Endosmosis' fails since Endosmosis: net entry of water into a cell. Therefore the correct option is A) Active transport.